Herramienta para generar hojas de ayuda para Física
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Opdag hvorfor 18 millioner mennesker verden rundt stoler på Overleaf med deres arbejde.
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\title{física eléctrica}
\usepackage[brazilian]{babel}
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%cambios de unidades (pt, mm, cm,ex,em,bp,dd,pc,sp) https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/8260/what-are-the-various-units-ex-em-in-pt-bp-dd-pc-expressed-in-mm
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}% tomado de https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/179425/a-new-command-of-the-form-tex
\begin{document}
\begin{center}{\huge{\textbf{Electricidad y Magnetismo}}}\\
\end{center}
\begin{multicols*}{3}
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%--------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [mybox] (box){%
\begin{minipage}{0.3\textwidth}
\begin{itemize}
\addtolength{\itemsep}{-2pt}
%\item[$g = $]
% 9.80 m s$^{-2}$
\item[$c = $]
Velocidad de la luz $ = 3.00\times 10^8$ ms$^{-1}$
\item[$k = $]
Constante de Coulomb $ = 8.9876\times 10^9$ Nm$^2C^{-2}$ %8.9875517873681764×109 N·m2/C2 (m/F).
\item[$\epsilon_o = $]
Constante dieléctrica vació $ = 8.85\times 10^{-12}$ N$^{-1}$C$^2m^{-2}$ (m/F)
\item[$\mu_o = $]
Permeabilidad del vació $ = 4\pi\times 10^{-7}$ H/m $= 1.256\times 10^{-6}$ Kgs$^{-2}$A$^{-2}$ %1.25663706 × 10-6 m kg s-2 A-2
\item[$e^{\pm} = $]
Carga del electrón-protón $ = 1.60\times10^{-19}$ C
\item[$m_e = $]
Masa del electrón $ = 9.11\times10^{-31}$ kg % \\ $ = 0.511$ MeV/$c^2$
\item[$m_n = $]
Masa de neutrón-protón $ = 1.67\times10^{-27}$ kg % \\ $ = 938$ MeV/$c^2$
\item[$N_A = $]
Número de Avogadro $ = 6.022 \times 10^{23}$ moléculas/mol
\item[$k_B = $]
Constante de Boltzmann $ = 1.38 \times 10^{-23} {\mbox{J}}/{\mbox{K}}$
%\item[$R = $]
% Constante de gases ideales$ = 8.31 \frac{\mbox{J}}{\mbox{mol K}} = 0.0821 \frac{\mbox{l atm}}{\mbox{mol K}}$
%\item[ $c_{\mbox{w}} = $]
% Calor específico agua $ = 1 {\mbox{ cal}}/({\mbox{g K}})$]
%\item[ $1 {\mbox{ cal}} $] $= 4.186 {\mbox{ J}}$]
%\item[ $\sigma = $]
% Constante Stefan-Boltzmann $ = 5.67\times 10^{-8}\>\frac{\mbox{W}}{\mbox{m}^2 \mbox{K}^4}$
\end{itemize}
\end{minipage}
};
%---------------------------------
\node[fancytitle, right=10pt] at (box.north west) {Constantes Fundamentales};
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [mybox] (box){%
\begin{minipage}{0.3\textwidth}
$\Vec{F}_{ij}=k\frac{Q_iQ_j}{r^2_{ij}}\hat{r}_{ij} = \frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_o}\frac{Q_iQ_j}{r^2_{ij}}\hat{r}_{ij}=Q_i\Vec{E}_j$\\
$\Vec{E}_i=k\frac{Q_i}{r^2_{io}}\hat{r}_{io}$ \\
$V=k\frac{Q_i}{r_{oi}}$
\end{minipage}
};
%---------------------------------
\node[fancytitle, right=10pt] at (box.north west) {Distribuciones Discretas};
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [mybox] (box){%
\begin{minipage}{0.3\textwidth}
$\lambda= \frac{q}{L}=\frac{dq}{dL}$, $dq=\lambda dL$\\
$\sigma= \frac{q}{A}=\frac{dq}{dA}$, $dq=\sigma dA$\\
$\rho= \frac{q}{V}=\frac{dq}{dV}$, $dq=\rho dV$
\end{minipage}
};
%---------------------------------
\node[fancytitle, right=10pt] at (box.north west) {Densidad de Carga};
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [mybox] (box){%
\begin{minipage}{0.3\textwidth}
\nc{Campo}\\
$d\vec{E} = k\frac{dq}{r^2_{do}}\hat{r}_{do}$\\
$\vec{E} = k\bigintsss \frac{\lambda dL}{r^2_{do}}\hat{r}_{do}$, $\vec{E} = k\bigintsss \frac{\sigma dA}{r^2_{do}}\hat{r}_{do}$, $\vec{E} = k\bigintssss \frac{\rho dV}{r^2_{do}}\hat{r}_{do}$\\
$\vec{E}_{linea}=\frac{1}{2\pi\epsilon_o}\frac{\lambda}{r}\hat{r}$\\ $\vec{E}_{placa}=\frac{\sigma}{2\epsilon_o}\hat{r}_{\scriptstyle{\perp}}$\\ Entre placas opuestas $\vec{E}_{placas}=\frac{\sigma}{\epsilon_o}\hat{r}_{\scriptstyle{\perp}}$\\
$E_i=-\frac{dV}{dx_i}$; $x_i=x,y,z$\\
$\vec{E}=-\vec{\nabla} V$
\end{minipage}
};
%------------ campo titulo---------------------
\node[fancytitle, right=10pt] at (box.north west) {Distribuciones Continuas};
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%---------------------------------
%\bigskip
%---------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [mybox] (box){%
\begin{minipage}{0.3\textwidth}
\nc{Gauss}\\
$\Phi=\bigointsss \vec{E}\cdot d\vec{A}=\frac{q_{enc}}{\epsilon_o}$\\
\nc{Potencial}\\
$V=\frac{U}{q}$\\
$V=\vec{E}\cdot\vec{r}$\\
$V-V_o=-\bigintsss \vec{E}\cdot d\vec{l}$\\
$V=\frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_o}\bigintsss \frac{dq}{r}$\\
$V= k\bigintsss \frac{\lambda dL}{r_{do}}$, $V= k\bigintsss \frac{\sigma dA}{r_{do}}$, $V = k\bigintssss \frac{\rho dV}{r_{do}}$\\
\nc{Energía}\\
$\Delta U=-\bigintsss_a^b\vec{F}d\vec{l}=-q\bigintsss_a^b\vec{E}d\vec{l}$\\
$\Delta U=q\Delta V=-W_{ab}=qEl$
\end{minipage}
};
%------------ potencial titulo ---------------------
\node[fancytitle, right=10pt] at (box.north west) {Distribuciones Continuas};
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [mybox] (box){%
\begin{minipage}{0.3\textwidth}
$C_o\frac{q}{V}=\frac{\epsilon_oA}{d}$, con dieléctrico $C=kC_o=\frac{k\epsilon_oA}{d}$\\
$C_p=C_1+C_2+...+C_n=\sum_i^nC_i$\\
$C_s=1/C_1+1/C_2+...+1/C_n=(\sum_i^n\frac{1}{C_i})^{-1}$\\
$E_{pot-elec}=U=\frac{1}{2}qV=\frac{q^2}{2C}=\frac{1}{2}CV^2$\\
$\mu=\frac{\epsilon_oE^2}{2}=\frac{\epsilon_oV^2}{2d^2}=\frac{U}{V_{olumen}}$
\end{minipage}
};
%---------------------------------
\node[fancytitle, right=10pt] at (box.north west) {Capacitancia};
\end{tikzpicture}
%\bigskip\\
%---------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [mybox] (box){%
\begin{minipage}{0.3\textwidth}
$I=\frac{V}{R}=\frac{\Delta q}{\Delta t}=\frac{dq}{dt}=JA=\int \vec{J}\cdot\vec{A}$\\
$v_d=\frac{I}{nAe}=\frac{J}{ne}=a\tau=\frac{eE\lambda}{m}$\\
$R=\rho\frac{L}{A}$, $\rho=\frac{E}{J}=\frac{1}{\sigma}=\frac{m_e}{ne^2\tau}$, $\vec{J}=\sigma \vec{E}=-ne\vec{v}_d$\\
$R_s=R_1+R_2+...+R_n=\sum_i^nR_i$\\
$R_p=1/R_1+1/R_2+...+1/R_n=(\sum_i^n\frac{1}{R_i})^{-1}$\\
$P=IV=I^2R=\frac{V^2}{R}=\frac{dU}{dt}$, $dU=dqV_{ab}=IdtV_{ab}$\\
\end{minipage}
};
%---------------------------------
\node[fancytitle, right=10pt] at (box.north west) {Corriente};
\end{tikzpicture}
%\bigskip\\
%---------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [mybox] (box){%
\begin{minipage}{0.3\textwidth}
$F=\frac{\mu_o}{2\Pi}\frac{qvI}{r}$\\
$\vec{F}=q\vec{v}\times\vec{B}$,$F=qvBsen\theta$\\
$B=\frac{\mu_oI}{2\pi r}$\\
$\vec{F}=q\vec{E}+q\vec{v}\times\vec{B}$\\
$B=n\mu_oI$\\
$\vec{F}=i\vec{l}\times\vec{B}$
\end{minipage}
};
%---------------------------------
\node[fancytitle, right=10pt] at (box.north west) {Fuentes Campo Magnético};
\end{tikzpicture}
\bigskip\\
%---------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [mybox] (box){%
\begin{minipage}{0.3\textwidth}
\nc{Biot-Savart}
$d\vec{B}=\frac{\mu_o}{4\pi}\frac{Id\vec{l}\times\vec{r}}{r^3}$\\
$B=\frac{\mu_oI}{4\pi R^2}\Delta l_{arco}$\\
$B=\frac{\mu_oI}{4\pi R}(cos\theta_1-cos\theta_2)$\\
\nc{Cargas en Movimiento}\\
$r=\frac{mv}{qB}$\\
$a=\frac{qvB}{m}=\frac{v^2}{r}$
\end{minipage}
};
%---------------------------------
\node[fancytitle, right=10pt] at (box.north west) {Cargas en Movimiento con Presencia de Campos};
\end{tikzpicture}
\bigskip\\
\end{multicols*}
\end{document}