Introduction
Forfatter:
Sudhanshu Mishra
Sidst opdateret:
11 år siden
Licens:
Creative Commons CC BY 4.0
Resumé:
Python tutorials
\begin
Discover why over 20 million people worldwide trust Overleaf with their work.
\begin
Discover why over 20 million people worldwide trust Overleaf with their work.
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\title{Introduction}
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% for compatibility with earlier versions
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\makeatother
% Exact colors from NB
\definecolor{incolor}{rgb}{0.0, 0.0, 0.5}
\definecolor{outcolor}{rgb}{0.545, 0.0, 0.0}
% Prevent overflowing lines due to hard-to-break entities
\sloppy
% Setup hyperref package
\hypersetup{
breaklinks=true, % so long urls are correctly broken across lines
colorlinks=true,
urlcolor=blue,
linkcolor=darkorange,
citecolor=darkgreen,
}
% Slightly bigger margins than the latex defaults
\geometry{verbose,tmargin=1in,bmargin=1in,lmargin=1in,rmargin=1in}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}1}]:} \PY{k+kn}{from} \PY{n+nn}{\PYZus{}\PYZus{}future\PYZus{}\PYZus{}} \PY{k+kn}{import} \PY{n}{print\PYZus{}function} \PY{c}{\PYZsh{} Skip this for now}
\end{Verbatim}
\section{Hello World}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}2}]:} \PY{k}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s}{Hello World!}\PY{l+s}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{p}{)}
\end{Verbatim}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
Hello World!
\end{Verbatim}
\section{Variables}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}3}]:} \PY{n}{my\PYZus{}int} \PY{o}{=} \PY{l+m+mi}{10} \PY{c}{\PYZsh{} An integer}
\PY{n}{my\PYZus{}float} \PY{o}{=} \PY{l+m+mf}{12.45} \PY{c}{\PYZsh{} A floating point}
\PY{n}{my\PYZus{}string} \PY{o}{=} \PY{l+s}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s}{Hello world!}\PY{l+s}{\PYZsq{}} \PY{c}{\PYZsh{} A string}
\PY{n}{my\PYZus{}list} \PY{o}{=} \PY{p}{[}\PY{l+m+mi}{1}\PY{p}{,} \PY{l+m+mi}{2}\PY{p}{,} \PY{l+m+mi}{3}\PY{p}{,} \PY{l+m+mi}{4}\PY{p}{]} \PY{c}{\PYZsh{} A list}
\PY{n}{my\PYZus{}dict} \PY{o}{=} \PY{p}{\PYZob{}}\PY{l+m+mi}{1}\PY{p}{:} \PY{l+s}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s}{foo}\PY{l+s}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{p}{,} \PY{l+s}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s}{bar}\PY{l+s}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{p}{:} \PY{l+m+mi}{2}\PY{p}{\PYZcb{}} \PY{c}{\PYZsh{} A dictionary}
\end{Verbatim}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}4}]:} \PY{k}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n+nb}{type}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{my\PYZus{}int}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{k}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n+nb}{type}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{my\PYZus{}float}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{k}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n+nb}{type}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{my\PYZus{}string}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{k}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n+nb}{type}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{my\PYZus{}list}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{k}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n+nb}{type}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{my\PYZus{}dict}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{)}
\end{Verbatim}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
<type 'int'>
<type 'float'>
<type 'str'>
<type 'list'>
<type 'dict'>
\end{Verbatim}
\section{Basic Operations}
\begin{itemize}
\itemsep1pt\parskip0pt\parsep0pt
\item
Addition
\item
Subtraction
\item
Multiplication
\item
Division
\item
Squaring
\item
String Concatenation
\item
Type conversion
\end{itemize}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}5}]:} \PY{n}{first\PYZus{}num} \PY{o}{=} \PY{l+m+mi}{2}
\PY{n}{sec\PYZus{}num} \PY{o}{=} \PY{l+m+mi}{4}
\PY{n+nb}{sum} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{first\PYZus{}num} \PY{o}{+} \PY{n}{sec\PYZus{}num}
\PY{k}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s}{Sum:}\PY{l+s}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n+nb}{sum}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{n}{diff} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{first\PYZus{}num} \PY{o}{\PYZhy{}} \PY{n}{sec\PYZus{}num}
\PY{k}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s}{Difference:}\PY{l+s}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{diff}\PY{p}{)}
\end{Verbatim}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
Sum: 6
Difference: -2
\end{Verbatim}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}6}]:} \PY{n}{mul} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{first\PYZus{}num} \PY{o}{*} \PY{n}{sec\PYZus{}num}
\PY{n}{div} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{sec\PYZus{}num} \PY{o}{/} \PY{n}{first\PYZus{}num}
\PY{n}{square} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{first\PYZus{}num} \PY{o}{*}\PY{o}{*} \PY{n}{sec\PYZus{}num}
\PY{k}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s}{Product: }\PY{l+s}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{mul}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{k}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s}{Quotient: }\PY{l+s}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{div}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{k}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s}{Square: }\PY{l+s}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{square}\PY{p}{)}
\end{Verbatim}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
Product: 8
Quotient: 2
Square: 16
\end{Verbatim}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}7}]:} \PY{n}{str1} \PY{o}{=} \PY{l+s}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s}{foo}\PY{l+s}{\PYZsq{}}
\PY{n}{str2} \PY{o}{=} \PY{l+s}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s}{bar}\PY{l+s}{\PYZsq{}}
\PY{n}{str3} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{str1} \PY{o}{+} \PY{n}{str2}
\PY{n}{str4} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{str1} \PY{o}{+} \PY{l+s}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s}{ }\PY{l+s}{\PYZdq{}} \PY{o}{+} \PY{n}{str2} \PY{o}{+} \PY{l+s}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s}{!}\PY{l+s}{\PYZdq{}}
\PY{k}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{str3}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{k}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{str4}\PY{p}{)}
\end{Verbatim}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
foobar
foo bar!
\end{Verbatim}
\paragraph{This won't work}
\begin{Shaded}
\begin{Highlighting}[]
\NormalTok{>>> str5 = str1 + }\DecValTok{5}
\OtherTok{TypeError}\NormalTok{: cannot concatenate }\StringTok{'str'} \NormalTok{and }\StringTok{'int'} \NormalTok{objects}
\end{Highlighting}
\end{Shaded}
\subsubsection{Type Conversion}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}8}]:} \PY{n}{my\PYZus{}float} \PY{o}{=} \PY{l+m+mf}{4.3}
\PY{n}{my\PYZus{}int} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n+nb}{int}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{my\PYZus{}float}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{k}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{my\PYZus{}int}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{k}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n+nb}{float}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{my\PYZus{}int}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{)}
\end{Verbatim}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
4
4.0
\end{Verbatim}
\section{Lists}
List is equivalent to array that we use in C. Lists can have different
datatypes which isn't possible with arrays. In case of an array you need
to define the datatype while you declare the array, lists do not require
that.
\subsubsection{Initialization}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}9}]:} \PY{n}{my\PYZus{}list} \PY{o}{=} \PY{p}{[}\PY{p}{]}
\PY{k}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{my\PYZus{}list}\PY{p}{)}
\end{Verbatim}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
[]
\end{Verbatim}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}10}]:} \PY{n}{my\PYZus{}another\PYZus{}list} \PY{o}{=} \PY{p}{[}\PY{l+m+mi}{7}\PY{p}{,} \PY{l+m+mi}{8}\PY{p}{,} \PY{l+m+mi}{9}\PY{p}{]}
\PY{k}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{my\PYZus{}another\PYZus{}list}\PY{p}{)}
\end{Verbatim}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
[7, 8, 9]
\end{Verbatim}
\subsubsection{Operations}
\begin{itemize}
\itemsep1pt\parskip0pt\parsep0pt
\item
\textbf{append} \emph{Used to add an element at the end of a list}
\item
\textbf{extend} \emph{Used to add all the elements of another list at
the end of a list}
\end{itemize}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}11}]:} \PY{n}{my\PYZus{}list}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{append}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+m+mi}{4}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{n}{my\PYZus{}list}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{append}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+m+mi}{6}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{n}{my\PYZus{}list}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{append}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+m+mi}{8}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{n}{my\PYZus{}another\PYZus{}list}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{append}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+m+mi}{12}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{k}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{my\PYZus{}list}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{my\PYZus{}another\PYZus{}list}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{n}{my\PYZus{}list}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{extend}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{my\PYZus{}another\PYZus{}list}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{k}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{my\PYZus{}list}\PY{p}{)}
\end{Verbatim}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
[4, 6, 8] [7, 8, 9, 12]
[4, 6, 8, 7, 8, 9, 12]
\end{Verbatim}
% Add a bibliography block to the postdoc
\end{document}